electricity

41 flashcards

what is electrostatics: the study of stationary electric charges
how do objects get electrified: contact, fruction, or induction
what happens when an object is electrified: it either gains or loses an electron
electrification by friction: when electrons are rubbed off one object and deposited on another
electrification by contact: a charged object touches an uncharged object and. transfers an electric charge
electrification by induction: when an uncharged metallic object experiences a shift of electrons when brought into the electric field of a charged object (objects that aren't in contact)
which form of electrification is important for X-ray: induction
electrostatic laws: unlike charges attract, like charges repel electric charge of a conductor is concentrated along the sharpest curvature of the surface charge distribution is uniform throughout or on the surface
Coulomb's Law: F=K q₁*q₂/d², electrostatic force is directly proportional to the product of electrostatic charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them
what is electrodynamics: the study of electric charges in motion
what is electricity: the continuous flow of electronics along a surface of a conductor
what is a conductor: any substance where electrons flow easily
what is an insulator: any material that does not allow electron flow
what is a semiconductor: a material that can be made to behave like either a conductor or an insulator under certain conditions
what is a current: the rate of flow of electricity, measured by Amperes(A) divided by time(s)
what is an electric circuit: a continuous loop from a power source to load and back
Ampere to electron: 1 amp is equivalent to (6.3x10¹⁵) electrons
components of a circuit: conductor source of electromagnetic field (emf) resistor
what is a resistor: a device to be operated by a circuit that inhibits the flow of electons
increased electric resistance: reduces an electric current
what factors that increase resistance: longer length narrow diameter poor conducting matrerial
what are the two types of circuits: Series and parallel circuits
series circuit: all devices are connected in a row within the same line or wire
parallel circuit: uses branches of wire which spoilers off from the original wire and connect across for each plug or device
series circuit resistance: the total resistance is equal to the sum of the individual resistances
series circuit current: Current is the same everywhere
series circuit voltages: sum of the voltages across each sircuit element is equal to the total circuit voltage
parallel circuit current: the sum of the currents throughout each circuit element is equal to the total circuit current
parallel circuit voltages: the voltage across each circuit element is the same and is equal to the total circuit voltage
parallel circuit resistance: inverse of the sum of the reciprocals of each individual resistance
Ohm's Law: the manner in wi h electric currents behave in an electric circuit (V=I*R, v=electronic potential measures in volts, I= electric current in Amperes, resistance in ohms
electromechanical devices of an X-ray: an induction motor powers the rotating anode of an X-ray tube
transformer: changes the intensity of alternating voltage and current
Faraday's Law: an electric current is induced in a circuit if it experiences a changing magnet field
factor that effect size of induced current: strength of magnetic field velocity I'd the field angle the conductor to the magnetic field
power (W): the rate at which work is done (P=I*V, P: power measured in watts, I: is currents in Amperes, V: is electic potential)
Magnetism field: Created by any charged particle in motion
Magnetic Permeability: the ability of a material to attract the lines magnetic field intensity
ferromagnetic object: can be meet into a magnet by induction
magnetic force: proportional to the product of the magnetic pole strehthens divided by the square of the distance between them
magnetic susceptibility: the degree to which a material can be magnetized