medical terminology exam
158 flashcards
- superior/inferior
- higher/lower
- distal/proximal
- further/closer to midline of body (medial plane, with patient as reference)
- cephalo/caudal
- towards the head/towards the feet
- anterior/posterior
- front/back
- medial/lateral
- middle/side
- thorax
- chest
- abdomen
- below rib cage (belly)
- flexion
- reduced angle of joint
- extension
- increased angle of joint
- supine
- laying on one's back
- peri-
- around
- pericardium
- tissue around heart
- epi-
- above
- epidermis
- top level of skin
- inter-
- between
- intercostal
- between the ribs
- retro-
- backward
- retrograde
- reverse flow
- ante-
- forward
- antegrade
- forward flow
- supra-
- above
- suprapubic
- above the pubis
- per-
- through
- percutaneous
- through the skin
- trans-
- through
- transdermal
- through the skin
- endo-
- within, inner
- endothelium
- tissue within/inside a vessel
- sub
- below, under
- subdural
- below the dura mater (brain)
- a-
- without
- arrhythmia
- without a rhythm
- co-
- together/both
- collateral
- both sides
- bi-
- two
- bilateral
- two sides
- hyper-
- excessive
- hyperlipidemia
- high levels of blood lipids
- hypo-
- deficient
- hypothermia
- lower than normal temperature
- hydro-
- water
- hydrocephalus
- water on the brain
- -genic
- created, produced
- thrombogenic
- produces blood clots
- thrombo-
- clot
- -pathy
- disease
- nephropathy
- disease of the kidney
- iatro-
- treatment, physician
- iatrogenic
- treatment or physician induced
- idio-
- unknown
- idiopathic
- of unknown disease or origin
- -itis
- inflammation
- tonsillitis
- inflammation of the tonsils
- tachy-
- rapid
- tachycardia
- rapid heart rate
- brady-
- slow
- bradycardia
- slow heart rate
- -emia
- blood
- septicemia
- blood infection
- -uria
- urine
- hematuria
- blood in the urine
- -algia
- pain
- myalgia
- muscle pain
- -osis
- abnormal condition
- dermatosis
- any skin abnormality
- -megaly
- enlargement
- cardiomegaly
- enlarged heart
- -trophy
- shape/size
- hypertrophy
- enlarged
- pneumo-
- air
- pneumothorax
- air in thorax (lung)
- -plegia
- paralysis
- hemiplegia
- paralysis of one side of body
- arthro-
- joint
- arthritis
- inflammation of the joints
- cysto-
- bladder
- cystoscopy
- visual examination of the bladder with a cystoscope
- gastro-
- stomach
- gastritis
- inflammation of the stomach
- cardio-
- heart
- nephro-
- kidney
- nephrectomy
- surgical removal of the kidney
- hepato-
- liver
- hepatitis
- inflammation of the liver
- hystero-
- uterus
- hysterectomy
- surgical removal of the ureterus
- spleno-
- spleen
- splenectomy
- surgical removal of the spleen
- angio-
- blood vessel
- angiogram
- image of blood vessel
- rhino-
- nose
- rhinoplasty
- reconstruction of the nose
- laparo-
- abdominal wall
- laparotomy
- incision of the abdominal wall
- mammo-
- breast
- mammogram
- image of breast tissue
- masto-
- breast
- mastitits
- in flammation of the breast
- neuro-
- nerve
- neuropathy
- disease of the nerves
- uretero-
- ureter
- ureteroscopy
- visual examination of the ureter with a ureteroscope
- colono-
- colon
- colonoscopy
- visual examination of the colon with a colonoscope
- trachea-
- trachea
- tracheotomy
- surgical incision of the trachea
- derma-
- skin
- dermatitis
- inflammation of the skin
- prosta-
- prostate
- prostatectomy
- surgical removal of the prostate
- hemato-
- blood
- hematology
- study of the blood
- myo-
- muscle
- myocardium
- heart muscle
- encephalo-
- brain
- encephalitis
- in ammation of the brain
- ophthalmo-
- eye
- ophthalmoscope
- instrument to view inside the eye
- oto-
- ear
- otoscope
- instrument to view the inner ear
- cutaneous
- skin
- cholecysto-
- gall bladder
- cholecystectomy
- removal of the gall bladder
- pancreat-
- pancreas
- pancreatitis
- inflammation of the pancreas
- osteo-
- bone
- osteotomy
- incision of the bone
- procto-
- rectum
- proctoscope
- instrument used to examine the rectum
- stetho-
- chest
- stethoscope
- instrument to listen to the chest
- vaso-
- vessel
- vasodilator
- substance that causes a blood vessel to dilate
- venous
- vein
- intravenous
- fluid delivered through a vein
- sphygmo-
- pulse
- sphygmomanometer
- device used to measure arterial blood pressure
- -ectomy
- excision, removal
- appendectomy
- removal of the appendix
- -tomy
- incision, to cut into
- osteotomy
- cutting into bone
- -plasty
- reconstruction
- arthroplasty
- joint reconstruction, replacement
- -scopy
- examination, view
- ureteroscopy
- examination of the ureter with a ureteroscope
- -centesis
- surgical puncture
- amniocentesis
- puncture of amniotic sac
- -gram
- record, picture, image
- electrocardiogram
- record of the electrical activity of the heart
- -graph
- recording instrument
- electromyograph
- instrument to record electrical activity of muscles
- -scope
- instrument for viewing
- cystoscope
- instrument for examining, viewing the bladder
- -meter
- device for measuring
- oximeter
- device for measuring oxygen concentration
- electrocautery
- procedure for using electricity to cut through tissue and simultaneously cauterize blood vessels
- sphygmomanometer
- device to measure arterial blood pressure
- echocardiogram
- image of heart made using acoustic energy (sound waves)