HS103 - Chapters 1 through 5

49 flashcards

Old Stone Age: Paleolithic Age
New Stone Age: Neolithic Age
Australopithecines: Which human species came 1st?
Homo habilis: Which human species came 2nd?
Homo erectus: Which human species came 3rd?
Neanderthals: Which human species came 4th?
Homo sapiens: Which human species came 5th?
In small groups: Early humans lived…
frequently: Early humans moved a. frequently b. infrequently
stone: Early humans used _____ tools.
environment: Early humans depended on their ___________.
heat, protection, cooked food, light: What did fire provide?
stone tools, spears, scrapers, needles: What did early humans develop that were increasingly sophisticated?
more sophisticated communication, religious beliefs, art, rituals, burial practices: What did humans develop?
Lascaux, France and Altamira, Spain: Where were paintings of cave art found?
gathering, agriculture, settled communities: The Neolithic Revolution was the transition from hunting and _______ to _______ and ___ ________.
wheat, barley, rice, maize: People learned to domesticate…
sheep, goats, cattle, pigs: Some domesticated animals during the Neolithic Revolution include…
permanent settlements, population growth, food surpluses, job specialization, social classes, organized religion, trade, cities: What did agriculture lead to?
food surplus, population growth, specialization, social classes: What lead to government/civilization?
Mesopotamia, Egypt, Indus Valley, China: What were the first civilizations?
land between two rivers: What does Mesopotamia mean?
primarily Iraq and surrounding areas: Where was Mesopotamia located?
water, fertile soil, transportation, irrigation opportunities: What did the Tigris and Euphrates provide Mesopotamia?
unpredictable: Was the flooding of Mesopotamian rivers (the Tigris and Euphrates) predictable or unpredictable?
city states, irrigation, writing, math, government, religion: What did the Sumerians develop?
Ur, Uruk, Lagash: What were the major Sumerian city states?
one of the worlds earliest writing systems: What was cuneiform?
government records, trade, laws, taxes, religious texts: What was Cuneiform used for?
stepped: A ziggurat is a large _______ temple structure.
Sumerian: Religion was central to ________ society
Babylon: Hammurabi was king of _______.
law codes: Hammurabi was best known for ancient _ ___
written laws, specific punishments, different punishments partly based on social class, emphasis on maintaining order: Four important characteristics of the Code of Hammurabi are…
proportional punishment: An eye for an eye represents the principle of __________ ________.
gift of the Nile: Herodotus later called Egypt the “__ _ __”.
leaders, divine, semi divine: Pharaohs were considered political and religious _____, __ or ____ figures.
Pharaoh, nobles, and priests: Who was at the top of Egyptian social structure?
Government officials, scribes, soldiers, and merchants: Who was in the middle of Egyptian social structure?
Artisans, farmers, and the enslaved: Who was at the bottom of Egyptian social structure?
Ra, Osiris, Isis, Horus, and Anubis: Who were some of the important Egyptian gods?
Egyptians believing strongly in the afterlife: What contributed to mummification, tomb construction, pyramids, and burial goods?
hieroglyphics, pyramids, mathematics, astronomy, calendar, medicine, engineering, papyrus: Eight Egyptian achievements were
patriarch: According to Hebrew tradition, Abraham was an important early _________.
Harappa and Monhenjo-daro: Major cities in the Indus Valley civilization included…
planned cities, drainage systems, brick construction, trade, writing system that remains undeciphered: Achievements of the Indus Valley included…
Huang He/Yellow and Yangtze rivers: What major rivers did China develop around?
Bronze technology, writing, ancestor worship, kingship, and oracle bones: Important developments of the Shang Dynasty include…
The agreement between the Jewish people and God versus the written Commandments.: What was the Jewish covenant versus the 10 Commandments?