phys sci 2
34 flashcards
- SI Unit of force
- Newton
- Newton's second law of motion
- Acceleration is directly proportional to the magnitude of the force, and inversely proportional to the mass of the object
- weight
- A measure of the force due to gravitational attraction
- Law of conservation of linear momentum
- The total linear momentum of an isolated system remains the same if there is no external unbalanced force acting upon the system
- Law of conservation of angular momentum
- The angular momentum of an object remains constant if there is no external unbalanced force acting upon it.
- Net force
- sum of all forces acting on an object
- Archimedes principle
- An object immersed wholly or partially in a fluid experiences a buoyant force equal in magnitude to the weight of the volume of fluid that is displaced
- Kinetic friction
- relative motion between surfaces in contact
- Inertia
- The natural tendency of an object to remain in a state of rest or in uniform motion in a straight line
- friction
- ever present resistance to relative motion that occurs when two objects are in contact with each other
- Newtons law of universal gravitation
- Every particle in the universe attracts every other particle in the universe with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them
- Angular momentum
- Arises when objects go in paths around a center of motion or axis of rotation
- Newtons third law of motion
- For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction
- Force
- capable of producing a motion or a change in motion, thus a change in velocity or an acceleration
- Linear momentum
- product of the mass and velocity
- Mass
- Measure of inertia; amount of matter an object contains
- Static friction
- When the frictional force is sufficient to prevent relative motion between surfaces
- Centripetal force
- force that pulls an object out of its straight line and into a circular path
- Buoyant force
- the upward force resulting from an object being wholly or partially immersed in a fluid
- Newtons first law of motion
- An object will remain at rest or in motion in a uniform straight line unless acted upon by an external unbalanced force
- Motion
- An object undergoing a continuous change in position
- Vector quantity (acceleration, velocity)
- Has magnitude and direction
- Scalar quantity (speed, temperature,)
- has only magnitude
- In what ways can acceleration be changed?
- Speed, direction, or both
- In which direction does deceleration occur in relation to velocity?
- Deceleration occurs in the direction opposite the velocity
- What is the direction of acceleration when an object is traveling in a circular motion
- Towards the center of circle
- Displacement
- The straight line distance between the start and end positions of an object
- Change in velocity per second (g)
- 9.80 m/s
- Constant acceleration of a falling object
- 9.80 m/s^2
- Projectile motion
- the motion of an object projected into the air and moving under the influence of gravity.
- In projectile motion, which component (vertical or horizontal) has an effect on motion?
- Vertical
- Which component of projectile motion is constant?
- Horizontal
- What role do forces play in motion?
- Set a stationary object in motion, speed up and slow down, change direction and velocity
- What is the value of universal gravitational constant (G)
- 6.67 × 10^-11 N•m^2/kg^2