Pivot Point Cosmetology - Anatomy 102.4-102.8
95 flashcards
- Anatomy
- the study of organs and systems of the body
- Physiology
- the study of the functions that organs and systems perform
- Cells
- Basic units of living matter
- Metabolism
- Cells receive nutrients for growth and reproduction
- Organs
- Separate body structures that are composed of 2 or more different tissues that perform specific functions
- Body Systems
- Group of body structures and/or organs that, together, perform one or more vital functions for the body
- Which area of science involves the study of organs and systems of the body?
- Anatomy
- The study of functions of the organs and systems of the body is known as:
- Physiology
- 3 basic parts found in most human cells
- Nucleus, Cytoplasm, Cell Membrane
- The control center of the cell activities is called the:
- Nucleus
- Most activities of the cell take place in the:
- Cytoplasm
- The process of building up larger molecules from smaller ones:
- Anabolism
- The release of energy within a cell necessary for the performance of specific bodily functions is caused by:
- Catabolism
- Groups of cells with the same makeup
- tissues
- What is the role of epithelial tissue?
- Cover and protect body surfaces and internal organs
- Which type of tissue supports, protects, and holds the body together?
- Connective tissue
- Tissue that contracts when stimulated to produce motion is known as:
- Muscular tissue
- A separate body structure that is composed of two or more different tissues is a:
- Organ
- The organ that controls all body functions is the:
- brain
- The organ responsible for removing toxic byproducts of digestion is the
- liver
- skeletal system
- framework for the body
- Muscular System
- move the body
- circulatory system
- circulates blood through the body
- nervous system
- sends and receives messages from the body
- digestive system
- supplies food to the body
- excretory system
- eliminates waste from the body
- respiratory system
- controls breathing
- endocrine system
- controls growth and general health and reproduction of the body
- reproductive system
- allows living organisms to procreate
- integumentary system
- control sebaceous and suderiferous glands
- The point in which two or more bones are joined
- joint
- Which system has the function of surrounding and protecting internal organs?
- skeletal system
- Long bones are found in the
- legs
- Bones of the cranium
- temporal, parietal, occipital
- Parietal bones form the
- Crown and upper sides of the head
- Bone that forms the back of the skull
- occipital
- Bone that makes up the lower jaw
- mandible
- 8 carpals held together with ligaments make up the
- wrist
- 5 long, thin bones that form the palm of the hand
- metacarpals
- The outer, narrower bones in the lower legs
- fibula
- Myology is the study of the structure, function and diseases of the:
- muscles
- The salon professional is primarily concerned with which type of muscles found in the head, face, neck, hands and arms?
- voluntary
- Which type of muscle responds automatically to control bodily functions?
- voluntary or striated
- Muscles affected by massage are generally manipulated from the:
- insertion to origin
- Occipitalis muscle is located at the nape of the neck
- backward
- Muscle that circles the mouth
- Orbicularis oris
- The coordination of which two muscles enables the body to perform chewing?
- temporalis and masseter
- The muscle that aids in drawing the head back and elevating the shoulder blades?
- trapezius
- The muscles that turns the palm up?
- supinator
- Muscle that straightens the fingers and wrist?
- extensor
- The body system responsible for the circulation of blood, including the heart, arteries, veins, an capillaries, is call the:
- cardiovascular system
- What is the sticky, salty fluid that circulates through the body, bringing nourishment and oxygen to all parts of the body?
- blood
- What is another name for red blood cells?
- erythrocytes
- cells that fight bacteria and other foreign substances are called leukocytes or
- White Blood Cells
- Thick-walled vessels that carry blood away from the heart are
- arteries
- The process of blood traveling from the heart throughout the body and back to the heart is referred to as:
- general circulation
- The occipital artery supplies blood to the
- back of the head
- Which artery supplies blood to the lower portion of the face, including mouth and nose?
- external maxillary
- Which artery supplies blood to the crown and sides of the head?
- parietal
- A subsystem of the circulatory system responsible for distributing white blood cells to help develop immunity is known as the:
- lymph-vascular system
- The nervous system is made up of the central nervous system, the peripheral nervous system and the:
- autonomic nervous system
- The brain, spinal cord, and spinal/cranial nerves make up the:
- central nervous system
- Which crucial part of the central nervous system is composed of long nerve fibers and originates in the base of the brain and extends to the base of the spine?
- Spinal Cord
- What system is composed of sensory and motor nerves that extend from the spinal cord and brain to other parts of the body?
- peripheral nervous system
- Motor sensory nerves carry messages from the brain to the muscles and are called:
- efferent
- The primary motor nerve of the face is:
- trifacial nerve
- The digestive, respiratory, and circulatory systems are controlled by the:
- autonomic nervous system
- The system that breaks food down to be easily absorbed by cells or to become waste products is the:
- digestive system
- The primary function of the excretory is to:
- eliminate solid, liquid, and gaseous waste products
- Hair growth, skin conditions, and energy levels are controlled by the:
- endocrine system
- The study of structures that can be seen with the naked eye is called:
- gross anatomy
- What is another name for histology?
- physiology
- Osteology is the study of:
- bones
- The long bones are found in the
- arms and legs
- Bone is composed of 1/3 organic matter and
- 2/3 mineral matter
- Bone behind the eyes and nose that connects all the bones in the cranium is known as the:
- sphenoid bone
- Which two bones join to form the bridge of the nose:
- zygomatic
- the 14 bones that form the digits of either the hand or the foot are called the:
- phalanges
- Myology is the study of
- Structure, function & diseases of the muscles
- Muscles make up approx. what % of your body weight
- 40-50%
- Striated muscles
- Voluntary muscles that are moved by will
- Non-striated
- Involuntary muscles that respond automatically to control various body functions, including internal organs
- The midsection of the muscle is called the
- belly
- Anterior means
- in front of
- Inferior means
- below
- Superior means
- above
- Posterior means
- behind
- The heart is encased in a membrane called
- pericardium
- Resting heart rate is
- 60-100bpm
- Blood vessels that carry impure blood
- veins
- Carries blood from the capillaries to the heart
- veins
- Colorless liquid produced when plasma passes nourishment to capillaries and cells is known as
- lymph
- How do lymph nodes indicate infection in the body?
- they swell
- Another name for a nerve cell
- neuron
- The main nerve branch to the top 1/3 of the face is the:
- ophthalmic